{"id":2995,"date":"2026-10-17T09:18:52","date_gmt":"2026-10-17T06:18:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bediryeniay.av.tr\/kocaeli-ceza-avukati\/?p=2995"},"modified":"2026-10-24T07:59:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-24T04:59:20","slug":"esas-hakkinda-mutalaa-ve-son-savunma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bediryeniay.av.tr\/kocaeli-ceza-avukati\/esas-hakkinda-mutalaa-ve-son-savunma\/","title":{"rendered":"Esas Hakk\u0131nda M\u00fctalaa ve Son Savunma: Karar Duru\u015fmas\u0131ndan \u00d6nce"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Son g\u00fcncelleme: Ekim 2026<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u0131sa cevap:<\/strong> Esas hakk\u0131nda m\u00fctalaa, delillerin ortaya konulmas\u0131ndan sonra Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda mahk\u00fbmiyet, beraat veya ba\u015fka bir karar verilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 beyand\u0131r. M\u00fctalaa mahkemeyi ba\u011flamaz; mahkeme fiilin nitelendirilmesinde iddia ve savunmalarla ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir (CMK 225\/2). M\u00fctalaadan sonra san\u0131k ve m\u00fcdafii delilleri tart\u0131\u015farak savunmas\u0131n\u0131 yapar ve <strong>h\u00fck\u00fcmden \u00f6nce son s\u00f6z san\u0131\u011fa verilir<\/strong> (CMK 216). M\u00fctalaada su\u00e7un niteli\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fiyorsa san\u0131\u011fa <strong>ek savunma hakk\u0131<\/strong> tan\u0131nmal\u0131 ve istemi h\u00e2linde s\u00fcre verilmelidir (CMK 226).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Davan\u0131zda m\u00fctalaa verildiyse veya bir sonraki duru\u015fmada verilmesi bekleniyorsa, iddianame, duru\u015fma tutanaklar\u0131 ve m\u00fctalaay\u0131 WhatsApp \u00fczerinden g\u00f6ndererek g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme talep edebilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>M\u00fctalaa Ne Zaman Verilir?<\/h2>\n<p>Duru\u015fmada san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sorgusundan sonra deliller ortaya konulur: tan\u0131klar dinlenir, bilirki\u015fi raporlar\u0131 okunur, belgeler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r (CMK 206). Mahkeme delillerin toplanmas\u0131n\u0131n tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanaatine vard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131ndan esas hakk\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc ister. Savc\u0131 m\u00fctalaas\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 duru\u015fmada a\u00e7\u0131klayabilir veya haz\u0131rlanmak i\u00e7in s\u00fcre isteyebilir.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00fctalaa genellikle davan\u0131n son a\u015famas\u0131na gelindi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Bu nedenle san\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en kritik d\u00f6nemlerden biridir; m\u00fctalaadan sonra \u00e7o\u011fu zaman bir veya iki duru\u015fma i\u00e7inde h\u00fck\u00fcm verilir.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00fctalaada Neler Yer Al\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>San\u0131\u011f\u0131n hangi su\u00e7tan ve hangi kanun maddesine g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n istendi\u011fi veya beraatinin talep edildi\u011fi,<\/li>\n<li>Su\u00e7un niteli\u011fi (\u00f6rne\u011fin iddianamede kasten \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye te\u015febb\u00fcs olarak g\u00f6sterilen fiilin kasten yaralama olarak nitelendirilmesi),<\/li>\n<li>Uygulanmas\u0131 istenen art\u0131r\u0131m veya indirim h\u00fck\u00fcmleri,<\/li>\n<li>Delillerin savc\u0131l\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmesi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u00fctalaada beraat istenmesi, beraat karar\u0131 verilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez; mahk\u00fbmiyet istenmesi de mahk\u00fbmiyet verilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez. Karar, duru\u015fmada tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan delillere g\u00f6re mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan verilir (CMK 217).<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00fctalaaya Kar\u015f\u0131 Savunma<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00fctalaadan sonra s\u00f6z, s\u0131ras\u0131yla kat\u0131lana veya vekiline, Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131na, san\u0131\u011fa ve m\u00fcdafiine verilir; taraflar birbirlerinin a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na cevap verebilir (CMK 216\/1-2). Esas hakk\u0131ndaki savunma, san\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan davan\u0131n sonucunu do\u011frudan etkileyen en \u00f6nemli beyand\u0131r ve \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7ermelidir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Delillerin tek tek de\u011ferlendirilmesi:<\/strong> Hangi delilin neden yetersiz, \u00e7eli\u015fkili veya hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 elde edilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu (CMK 217\/2),<\/li>\n<li><strong>Beraat talebi ve dayana\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Su\u00e7un san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flendi\u011finin sabit olmamas\u0131, fiilin su\u00e7 olu\u015fturmamas\u0131 veya bir hukuka uygunluk nedeninin bulunmas\u0131 (CMK 223\/2); \u201c\u015f\u00fcpheden san\u0131k yararlan\u0131r\u201d ilkesi,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Su\u00e7 vasf\u0131na itiraz:<\/strong> Mahk\u00fbmiyet ihtimaline kar\u015f\u0131 fiilin daha hafif bir su\u00e7 olarak nitelendirilmesi gerekti\u011finin g\u00f6sterilmesi,<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kademeli (terditli) talepler:<\/strong> Beraat talebinin yan\u0131nda, mahk\u00fbmiyet h\u00e2linde uygulanmas\u0131 gereken lehe h\u00fck\u00fcmler: haks\u0131z tahrik (TCK 29), etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k, te\u015febb\u00fcs, i\u015ftirak durumu ve takdiri indirim (TCK 62),<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131, erteleme ve se\u00e7enek yapt\u0131r\u0131m<\/strong> talepleri (CMK 231, TCK 51, TCK 50).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Savunman\u0131n hem s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131 hem de yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak dosyaya sunulmas\u0131, gerek\u00e7eli kararda ve istinaf incelemesinde savunman\u0131n eksiksiz g\u00f6r\u00fclmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h3>Savunma i\u00e7in s\u00fcre istenebilir mi?<\/h3>\n<p>Evet. Anayasa&#8217;n\u0131n 36. maddesi ve Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi&#8217;nin 6\/3-b maddesi, san\u0131\u011fa savunmas\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in gerekli zaman ve kolayl\u0131klar\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131r. M\u00fctalaa ilk kez duru\u015fmada a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131ysa, \u00f6zellikle kapsaml\u0131 ve a\u011f\u0131r cezal\u0131 dosyalarda, m\u00fctalaaya kar\u015f\u0131 savunma i\u00e7in s\u00fcre talep edilmesi ve bu talebin tutana\u011fa ge\u00e7irilmesi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h2>Su\u00e7 Vasf\u0131 De\u011fi\u015firse: Ek Savunma Hakk\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>San\u0131k, su\u00e7un hukuki niteli\u011finin de\u011fi\u015fece\u011fi \u00f6nceden kendisine bildirilip savunma yapabilecek h\u00e2le getirilmedik\u00e7e, iddianamede g\u00f6sterilenden ba\u015fka bir kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcyle mahk\u00fbm edilemez (CMK 226\/1). Cezan\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren h\u00e2ller ilk kez duru\u015fmada ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da ayn\u0131 kural uygulan\u0131r (CMK 226\/2). Ek savunma gereken h\u00e2llerde, istem \u00fczerine san\u0131\u011fa ek savunmas\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlamas\u0131 i\u00e7in <strong>s\u00fcre verilir<\/strong> (CMK 226\/3). Bu bildirimler san\u0131\u011fa ve varsa m\u00fcdafiine yap\u0131l\u0131r; san\u0131k duru\u015fmaya gelmezse m\u00fcdafie yap\u0131lan bildirim yeterli kabul edilir (CMK 226\/4).<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin iddianamede kasten yaralama olarak g\u00f6sterilen fiil i\u00e7in m\u00fctalaada kasten \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye te\u015febb\u00fcsten ceza istenmesi, ek savunma hakk\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furur. Ek savunma hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nmadan verilen mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131, istinaf ve temyizde \u00f6nemli bir bozma sebebidir.<\/p>\n<h2>Son S\u00f6z<\/h2>\n<p>H\u00fck\u00fcmden \u00f6nce son s\u00f6z, duru\u015fmada haz\u0131r bulunan san\u0131\u011fa verilir (CMK 216\/3). Son s\u00f6z k\u0131sa bir beyand\u0131r; yeni ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir savunma yap\u0131lacak yer de\u011fildir. Genellikle \u015fu unsurlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Avukat\u0131n savunmas\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtilmesi,<\/li>\n<li>Beraat veya lehe h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin uygulanmas\u0131 talebi,<\/li>\n<li>Gerekiyorsa ki\u015fisel durum, aile ve i\u015f durumu gibi takdiri indirim ve HAGB de\u011ferlendirmesinde dikkate al\u0131nabilecek bilgiler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mahkeme, h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verirken san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ki\u015filik \u00f6zelliklerini ve <strong>duru\u015fmadaki tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> da dikkate al\u0131r (CMK 231\/6-b). Son s\u00f6zde su\u00e7lamay\u0131 kabul eden veya \u00e7eli\u015fkili ifadeler kullanmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ifadesi baz\u0131 dosyalarda takdiri indirim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131rken, beraat talep edilen dosyalarda su\u00e7un kabul\u00fc gibi alg\u0131lanabilir; bu nedenle son s\u00f6z \u00f6nceden avukatla birlikte planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>H\u00fck\u00fcmden \u00d6nce Yap\u0131labilecekler<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Zarar\u0131n giderilmesi:<\/strong> H\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, su\u00e7tan do\u011fan zarar\u0131n aynen iade, su\u00e7tan \u00f6nceki h\u00e2le getirme veya tazmin yoluyla tamamen giderilmesi \u015fartlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r (CMK 231\/6). Bu nedenle uygun dosyalarda zarar\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmden \u00f6nce giderilmesi ve bunun belgelenmesi \u00f6nemlidir. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bediryeniay.av.tr\/kocaeli-ceza-avukati\/hagb\/\">HAGB<\/a> yaz\u0131m\u0131za bakabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k:<\/strong> H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve mala zarar verme gibi su\u00e7larda zarar\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmden \u00f6nce giderilmesi cezada indirim sa\u011flar (TCK 168).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Belgeler:<\/strong> Sab\u0131ka durumu, i\u015f ve aile durumu, sa\u011fl\u0131k raporlar\u0131 gibi takdiri indirim, erteleme ve se\u00e7enek yapt\u0131r\u0131m de\u011ferlendirmesini etkileyecek belgeler dosyaya sunulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Delil talepleri:<\/strong> H\u00fck\u00fcm verilinceye kadar yeni delil talebinde bulunulabilir; ancak mahkeme, delilin kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 elde edilmesi, karara etkisinin bulunmamas\u0131 veya talebin davay\u0131 uzatma amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 h\u00e2linde talebi reddedebilir (CMK 206\/2).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Karar ve Sonras\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Mahkeme beraat, ceza verilmesine yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, mahk\u00fbmiyet, g\u00fcvenlik tedbiri, davan\u0131n reddi veya d\u00fc\u015fme kararlar\u0131ndan birini verir (CMK 223). Mahk\u00fbmiyet h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn gerek\u00e7esinde iddia ve savunmada ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin ve delillerin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir (CMK 230). Savunmada ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen bir husus gerek\u00e7ede kar\u015f\u0131lanmam\u0131\u015fsa, bu durum istinaf ve temyizde \u00f6nemli bir ba\u015fvuru sebebidir. Karara kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fvuru i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bediryeniay.av.tr\/kocaeli-ceza-avukati\/ceza-davasi-istinaf-ve-temyiz\/\">Ceza Davas\u0131nda \u0130stinaf ve Temyiz<\/a> yaz\u0131m\u0131za bakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h2>S\u0131k Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<h3>M\u00fctalaada ceza istendi, kesin ceza alacak m\u0131y\u0131m?<\/h3>\n<p>Hay\u0131r. M\u00fctalaa savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcd\u00fcr; mahkeme bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fle ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir ve karar\u0131n\u0131 delillere g\u00f6re verir. M\u00fctalaaya kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lacak savunma bu nedenle b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00fctalaada beraat istendi, kesin beraat eder miyim?<\/h3>\n<p>Kesin de\u011fildir. Mahkeme, savc\u0131n\u0131n beraat talebine ra\u011fmen mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131 da verebilir. Bu nedenle beraat m\u00fctalaas\u0131na ra\u011fmen savunman\u0131n eksiksiz yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00fctalaa duru\u015fmaya gelmeden \u00f6nce bana bildirilir mi?<\/h3>\n<p>M\u00fctalaa genellikle duru\u015fmada s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r veya yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak dosyaya sunulur. Avukat\u0131n\u0131z dosyay\u0131 inceleyerek yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fctalaay\u0131 \u00f6nceden g\u00f6rebilir. Duru\u015fmada ilk kez a\u00e7\u0131klanan m\u00fctalaaya kar\u015f\u0131 savunma i\u00e7in s\u00fcre istenebilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Duru\u015fmaya kat\u0131lamazsam son s\u00f6z hakk\u0131m\u0131 kaybeder miyim?<\/h3>\n<p>Son s\u00f6z, duru\u015fmada haz\u0131r bulunan san\u0131\u011fa verilir. Sorgusu yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f san\u0131k, mahkemece duru\u015fmadan ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131k tutulabilir (CMK 196\/1); bu durumda savunma m\u00fcdafi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak son duru\u015fmaya kat\u0131lmak, son s\u00f6z hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<p>Duru\u015fma s\u00fcrecinin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bediryeniay.av.tr\/kocaeli-ceza-avukati\/iddianame-teblig-edildi-ne-yapmaliyim\/\">\u0130ddianame Tebli\u011f Edildi, Ne Yapmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bediryeniay.av.tr\/kocaeli-ceza-avukati\/kocaeli-agir-ceza-davasi-avukati\/\">Kocaeli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Davas\u0131 Avukat\u0131<\/a> sayfalar\u0131m\u0131za bakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Davan\u0131zda esas hakk\u0131nda m\u00fctalaa verildiyse veya karar duru\u015fmas\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131yorsa, Av. Bedir Yeniay ile 0532 469 67 24 numaral\u0131 telefondan veya WhatsApp \u00fczerinden ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7ebilirsiniz.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 veya kovu\u015fturmas\u0131yla ilgili hukuki destek i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bediryeniay.av.tr\/kocaeli-ceza-avukati\/\">Kocaeli ceza avukat\u0131<\/a> sayfam\u0131z\u0131 inceleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Avukatl\u0131k \u00fccreti:<\/strong> \u00dccret, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kocaelibarosu.org.tr\/Detay\/6543\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kocaeli Barosu&#8217;nun tavsiye niteli\u011findeki avukatl\u0131k asgari \u00fccret tarifesi<\/a> esas al\u0131narak, dosyan\u0131n kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re ilk g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede belirlenir ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bediryeniay.av.tr\/kocaeli-ceza-avukati\/izmit-avukat-fiyatlari-ve-ceza-davasi-ucretleri\/\">Ceza Davas\u0131 \u00dccretleri<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Not: Bu sayfadaki bilgiler genel niteliktedir ve hukuki dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k yerine ge\u00e7mez.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Son g\u00fcncelleme: Ekim 2026 K\u0131sa cevap: Esas hakk\u0131nda m\u00fctalaa, delillerin ortaya konulmas\u0131ndan sonra Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda mahk\u00fbmiyet, beraat veya ba\u015fka bir karar verilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 beyand\u0131r. M\u00fctalaa mahkemeyi ba\u011flamaz; mahkeme fiilin nitelendirilmesinde iddia ve savunmalarla ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir (CMK 225\/2). M\u00fctalaadan sonra san\u0131k ve m\u00fcdafii delilleri tart\u0131\u015farak savunmas\u0131n\u0131 yapar ve h\u00fck\u00fcmden \u00f6nce son s\u00f6z&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2995","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ceza-hukuku-makaleleri"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Esas Hakk\u0131nda M\u00fctalaa ve Son Savunma | Av. Bedir Yeniay<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Esas hakk\u0131nda m\u00fctalaa nedir, mahkemeyi ba\u011flar m\u0131? M\u00fctalaaya kar\u015f\u0131 savunma, ek savunma hakk\u0131, son s\u00f6z ve h\u00fck\u00fcmden \u00f6nce yap\u0131lacaklar. 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